https://amperis.com/en/products/relay-testing/

 

One more thing that will definitely affect the relay power consumption math is that the DC resistance is only part of the impedance that controls the current So the AC relay that only draws two watts when AC powered will use a lot more current when run on DC. That is covered in the second section of basic electricity, "AC Circuit Analysis." Any electrical circuit textbook published since 1930 will provide explanations and equations so that it is easy to understand .

 

One more thing that will definitely affect the relay power consumption math is that the DC resistance is only part of the impedance that controls the current So the AC relay that only draws two watts when AC powered will use a lot more current when run on DC. d .

Already covered, Post #36 for one. !

 

Already covered, Post #36 for one. !

Yes it was, Max, BUT then again it surfaced in post #66 and got louder by post #69. So it seemed that the reactance effect needed repeating.

 

I could have missed it, but I did not see any refs to testing.

In the U.S, NFPA 101 requires among other things that emergency lighting be tested monthly and a once a year verification that the emergency lighting operates for a minimum of 1.5hrs on battery power only.

As new condo owner however, I checked to see if the building's emergency lighting worked during a power outage and was surprised to see that most of them did not. They only stayed on for about 10 mins. I notified the building's manager and a few days later the building purchased about $8,000.00 worth of batteries.



Where I used to work, we changed SLA batteries every 4 years.

With new battery chemistry this could be changing however.

 

I could have missed it, but I did not see any refs to testing.

In the U.S, NFPA 101 requires among other things that emergency lighting be tested monthly and a once a year verification that the emergency lighting operates for a minimum of 1.5hrs on battery power only.

As new condo owner however, I checked to see if the building's emergency lighting worked during a power outage and was surprised to see that most of them did not. They only stayed on for about 10 mins. I notified the building's manager and a few days later the building purchased about $8,000.00 worth of batteries.



Where I used to work, we changed SLA batteries every 4 years.

With new battery chemistry this could be changing however.

That's a very good point and one I had forgotten. We had a monthly checklist and every emergency light was tested monthly for a given period of time. Each emergency light was numbered and those numbers bounced against a checklist. While most lamps had transitioned to LED the batteries were sealed lead acid type. Additionally US NFPA 70 points out emergency lighting.

Ron

 

If thepurpose of emergency lighting s to help folks exit from a fire then why demand 1 1/2 hours of illumination?? The fire could be out by then. And certainly most emergency lighting is combined with exit signs. I can see, though, that in a store, if all the lights went out then selling would stop and profit would drop. so really the long light time is for convenience, not safety. Making an exit does not take long if it is a safety issue.

 

If thepurpose of emergency lighting s to help folks exit from a fire then why demand 1 1/2 hours of illumination?? The fire could be out by then. And certainly most emergency lighting is combined with exit signs. I can see, though, that in a store, if all the lights went out then selling would stop and profit would drop. so really the long light time is for convenience, not safety. Making an exit does not take long if it is a safety issue.

1 1/2 hours is necessary for a personal search and safety walk-through in a sizable facility by a ERT team after the emergency is under control but the facility is still in a life-safety alarm state. A employee head count usually needs completed and possibly missing people located due to injury or medical issues.

 

I can see, though, that in a store, if all the lights went out then selling would stop and profit would drop. so really the long light time is for convenience, not safety. Making an exit does not take long if it is a safety issue.

Yes, but in a store or any retail establishment when mains power fails everything electronic goes down such as registers.

I guess we could ask the NFPA or OSHA why they have requirements but I see it as easier to just comply.

Ah yes and as I typed:

1 1/2 hours is necessary for a personal search and safety walk-through in a sizable facility by a ERT team after the emergency is under control but the facility is still in a life-safety alarm state. A employee head count usually needs completed and possibly missing people located due to injury or medical issues.

Been there and done that!

Ron

 

1 1/2 hours is necessary for a personal search and safety walk-through in a sizable facility by a ERT team after the emergency is under control but the facility is still in a life-safety alarm state. A employee head count usually needs completed and possibly missing people located due to injury or medical issues.

Good point. At the places I have worked, mostly, I could do a head count on my fingers. and a search of all areas could be done by one person in five minutes, if they were slow and thorough. and at the restaurant all of the rooms and areas could be searched in less than a minute. And I could do the head count on one hand. But the same requirement is held out as law.
We don't know a whole lot about where the TS needs the LEDs, or if it is for convenience rather than safety. Only that it is where mains voltage is 120 volts.

 

In the U.S, NFPA 101 requires among other things that emergency lighting be tested monthly and a once a year verification that the emergency lighting operates for a minimum of 1.5hrs on battery power only.

If thepurpose of emergency lighting s to help folks exit from a fire then why demand 1 1/2 hours of illumination??

Code.

Who knows why they choose a particular number, but they probably believe they're erring on the side of safety. You may need 5 to 15 minutes to exit and do a head count but then why do engineers design a system to meet 150% normal operation? Overkill is a way to not "kill" people. Medical, automotive and aerospace, anything life critical, is typically engineered to 150%. Commercial equipment is generally but not always engineered for 133% normal operation. Kids toys - class 1 (lowest class) doesn't care if the toy fails the first day the kid plays with it.

As for 90 minutes - if someone is missing it can afford rescue personnel the ability to find the missing person(s).

[edit] Oh, someone already said essentially that.

 

Hi folks!
I think the best way is doing relay testing, testing and verification.
I have Amperis AK-6 three-phase relay test equipment and it works so good. It have complete self-protection & alarm indicators for incorrect connection, open circuit, short circuit, overload & overheating, etc

 

If thepurpose of emergency lighting s to help folks exit from a fire then why demand 1 1/2 hours of illumination??

Illumination can be useful for firefighters entering the building. 90 minutes is helpful. Like you said, the fire could be out by then.

 

RIP me. I'm sorry to have to tell you all that I died on Sunday.

Or at least, one of me did.
The other one is still here (the one who is typing). If this means nothing to you, it's probably because you're not British.

 

On to more lively things, the time for the lights to come on is also for work places where you can't just leave immediately.
Some machines must be stopped in a certain part of the cycle or they may clash or cause other emergencies.
Like in a kitchen, someone needs to turn off all the gas, and whatnot.
My place of work has ~100 peeps in any given day on site. Everywhere has windows, which are no good at night tho.
In Britain the time is 3 hours for most places, one hour everywhere else.

Bear in mind, in an emergency, even after the fire is out (or whatever) there may be lighting faults e.g. if the cable have melted together. In which case the main lights may not come on again without doing remedial, which takes time.

 

RIP me. I'm sorry to have to tell you all that I died on Sunday.

I remember Bernard well!

 

the time for the lights to come on (three hours [edited in]) is also for work places where you can't just leave immediately.
Some machines must be stopped in a certain part of the cycle or they may clash or cause other emergencies.

If the place is on fire - phuck the machines - I'm out-a there! Likely the machines wouldn't survive the fire anyway, so why risk my life saving something that can be replaced by insurance money?!

 

If the place is on fire - phuck the machines - I'm out-a there! Likely the machines wouldn't survive the fire anyway, so why risk my life saving something that can be replaced by insurance money?!

That's true to a point but there are times when you staying at a control area to close manual valves/switches makes the difference between a 'fire' and a catastrophe that threatens more than just a building filled with machines.

A extreme example:
https://www.businessinsider.com/chernobyl-volunteers-divers-nuclear-mission-2016-4

Complicating this is the contradictory reports from English media and the Soviet government, which famously tried to downplay the disaster. In addition, Leatherbarrow said the best sources out there have yet to be translated from Russian — including the accounts of senior managers, state-run media reports, and a book by an engineer who's been blamed for the disaster, but insists he was scapegoated by the government.

Even so, Leatherbarrow added, these men risked their lives to save untold millions of lives during a disaster of unheard of magnitude.

"They still went into a pitch black, badly damaged basement beneath a molten reactor core that was slowly burning its way down to them," he said.

 

That's true to a point but there are times when you staying at a control area to close manual valves/switches makes the difference between a 'fire' and a catastrophe that threatens more than just a building filled with machines.

True for sure. But then again I've never worked at a nuclear power plant. I suppose Bhopal India comes to mind as one of those times that a single hero could have saved thousands of lives at the risk to his (or her) own life.

 

True for sure. But then again I've never worked at a nuclear power plant. I suppose Bhopal India comes to mind as one of those times that a single hero could have saved thousands of lives at the risk to his (or her) own life.

There are lots of industrial plants with very hazardous chemicals where one person could make the difference to many in an emergency if they could contain a fire.