with a resistor between the NII and ground the voltage at the NII is exactly 0V.
With a resistor between the output and ground the output voltage decreases.
The voltages at the offset pins are different for different op amps. I tried with a few. Some were 10mV and -10mV. Some were about 1.7V and -10mV. One was 12V and -10mV. I may have gotten the polarity wrong on those values.
Setting it up as an inverting amp the output is 0V. The - pin is also 0V.
I have tried 13 different op amps so I doubt they’re all bad. Must be my connections then. I don’t know what would be wrong. All the wires are tight in the breadboard, and I’ve moved the op amp around on it so I’ve tried multiple rows. I’ll take a closer look at the connections tonight.
Just checked all the connections. They’re all good. I guess I have 13 bad op amps. The odds of that seem insane to me but I guess that’s what I’m looking at.
Can you measure the voltage at Pin 4 w.r.t. Gnd? Also, Pin 7 w.r.t. Pin 4?
I am still suspecting that the negative supply is inverted. That means, Pin 4 is at +12, Pin 7 w.r.t. Pin 4 is almost zero. That means the opamp is not powered, and the output voltage is connected to the input voltage through 2 resistors! That possibly explains all your results, viz., o/p voltage same as input, output voltage drops when you connect a resistor to the output to ground.
On a real 741 pin 8 is not connected, so it should do no harm to connect v+ there. Pins 2 and 3 are the inputs on both chips. So just change the circuit use pin1 as the output. It should do not damage, and if it works, the mystery is solved.
Something else springs to mind. Are you sure you have correctly identified the pins and orientation of the 741? viewed from the top and notch facing away from you (top) pin 1 is top left, 4 is bottom left, 5 is bottom right, pin 8 is top right. I say this because one of the members of my club had built a circuit that worked in simulation, but when he breadboarded it, he had it upside down. (ie pin 5 top left) if you see what I mean.
In all my years working with the 741 I have never been able to get an inverting follower to function with just two resistors, in fact I am working with a circuit right now where I have to place a third resistor in the form of a VR…it is placed between the negative input pin and ground.
I’m using a single supply, and 510 ohm resistors, the pot is 1 meg set to aprox 500k before inserting, then adjusted to bring the output to where I want it.
Now I really don’t know how this relates to a dual supply, but maybe you can try something like I have explained here.
Eureka! Appearantly I bought 10 bad op amps off of amazon and the three op amps I got from my classroom were busted too. Just ran down to a local electronics store to buy another and the circuit works! Thank you guys for all your help! I really appriciate it!