In the capacitor, if it opposes the changes in the current or voltage in the circuit, shouldn't this create a state of equilibrium or something like that in the circuit, but what we have is a varying voltage across the circuit, this got me a little confused.

 

You have to elaborate a little.
Are you referring to AC or DC? What application?
In a capacitor circuit the current leads the voltage.
Max.

 

You have to elaborate a little.
Are you referring to AC or DC? What application?
In a capacitor circuit the current leads the voltage.
Max.

I was referring to capacitor in an AC circuit

 

In an AC circuit, there is really no such thing as equilibrium. To me equilibrium means nothing is changing. In an AC circuit things are constantly changing in the sense that currents move back and forth as functions of time and position. It may make sense to talk about steady state. In an oscillator with a fixed magnitude and frequency for example.

 

In the capacitor, if it opposes the changes in the current or voltage in the circuit.

Capacitors oppose a change in voltage, not current.