When is a transistor running too hot?

Thread Starter

Damo666

Joined Aug 25, 2009
19
Hi guys. In general, when is a transistor running too hot? I'm concerned because a little rf amp that i have uses a TO5 transistor that gets quite got. You can feel the heat with your finger but it doesn't burn. However, i can keep my top lip on it for about 5 seconds then it becomes too hot to cope with. Any ideas please guys? All the best. Damian.
 

BMorse

Joined Sep 26, 2009
2,675
What sarge said. once you find that info post it on here an we can advise weather you need to replace with something different or just add a heatsink....


B. Morse
 

studiot

Joined Nov 9, 2007
4,998
If you can touch it for a few seconds it is probably quite safe. Transistors can reach more 120degC which is more than the boiling point of water, although they are not normally allowed to get this hot.

That said, any component that runs hot to touch will (should be) well ventilated and perhaps on a heat sink. Make sure that this ventilation is never obstructed.
 

Markd77

Joined Sep 7, 2009
2,806
My guess is that is 60-70C. That's fine but if it was installed in a car or somewhere warm it's temp would rise quite a bit. You should be able to get clip on heatsinks which would make quite a difference.
 

Wendy

Joined Mar 24, 2008
23,857
A common trick to cooling transistors is provide a thermal path to the outside of the case. This can be as simple as an aluminum or steel block from the transistor to the case wall (assuming the case is metal).
 

Thread Starter

Damo666

Joined Aug 25, 2009
19
Ok guys. Thanks for the informative replies. The transistor is a 40965 npn transistor made by rca in an old 1980's transmitter/receiver. I can't find any info at all on this transistor. Can anybody help at all please?
 

Thread Starter

Damo666

Joined Aug 25, 2009
19
Thanks for the info Bertus, but i don't understand most of it as i'm a newbie. If my circuit draws 170ma at 18vdc when i transmit will it be operating within safe parameters. By the way - the 170ma is running a crystal oscillator, multiplier, 1st pa at 100mw and the final pa at approx 500mw rf. The final pa uses the 40965. Sorry about all the questions.
 

bertus

Joined Apr 5, 2008
23,023
Hello,

According to the table :
The transistor is an multi emittor, transmittor and end stage transistor with a maximum output power of > 0.5 Watt.
The Vceo = 14 Volts.
The Icmax = 200 mA.
The maximum power dissipation @ 25 °C = 3.5 Watt.

You say you run at 18 Volts , that is to much according to the table.

Bertus
 

Thread Starter

Damo666

Joined Aug 25, 2009
19
Thanks for your good input Bertus. When i say 18 volts, i mean 2 x 9v nimh pp3 batteries which is more like 16.8v. Have you got an email address that i could send the schematic to please? I really do appreciate your help. All the best. Damian.
 

bertus

Joined Apr 5, 2008
23,023
Hello,

We do not want to give email support.
This breaks the purpose of the forum, sharing information.
You can post the schematic over here.

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Bertus
 

Thread Starter

Damo666

Joined Aug 25, 2009
19
Ok Bertus. I do all my posting from a mobile phone so that's an impossibility for me. Is it ok to give a link to an host site, as i can upload the pdf document there? All the best, Damian.
 

bertus

Joined Apr 5, 2008
23,023
Hello,

If the documantation carries some copyright there is a problem.
We do not allow copyrighted stuff over here.

What does the documentation say about the powersupply range?

Bertus
 

Thread Starter

Damo666

Joined Aug 25, 2009
19
The unit itself runs off 2 x 8.4v nimh pp3 batteries. When the " push to talk " key is pressed, it applies these 2 batteries in series to the pa stage, ie- 16.8v. The 16.8v + terminal is connected to the collector of the 40965 via an inductor, and the - 16.8v is directly connected to the emitter. Regards. Damian,
 

bertus

Joined Apr 5, 2008
23,023
Hello,

I finaly found a complete datasheet for the 40965.
There are also some endstages descibed in there.
Do you think the schematic of your endstage does look alike one of them?

Is there any heatsink mounted on the transistor?
It could look like the heatsinks in the attached heatsink datasheet.

Is the output of the amplifier correctly adjusted to the used frequency?
A frequency missmatch could lead to reflections that would have the tranistor to deliver more power.

Bertus
 

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Thread Starter

Damo666

Joined Aug 25, 2009
19
Hi Bertus. The final PA stage is a replica of the second one shown. There isn't any space for any heatsink, and the transistor isn't using one. Re mismatch; Do you think this could be the issue here, even at such low rf power levels? I was always under the impression that PA stages are at risk only when running at reasonably high power levels.... Ie- approx 2 watts or more. By the way- the final stages of the PA are designed to transmit at approx 466mhz and are untuneable, but are transmitting on 433mhz, albeit at a much reduced power to to out of band operation. Regards. Damian.
 
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