I agree with you @tcmtech . There is no answer to that. The EPA doesn't even have a policy or defined test result that they could enforce. That is why the EPA's case against VW is not about a 30x excess of NOx emissions. It is about a lie. As I mentioned above, VW (and all car manufacturers) have to present a written document to the EPA that describes how the emission system works. Major components (sensors and controls) and the logic used as the car is driven by the consumer. The description given by VW did not account for the dual mode of action. Looking for test protocols and behaving one way vs. Higher performance, fuel economy and emissions in another case.And what happens if they find out that the very large majority of vehicles do not pass and never did a good eal of the time in real life driving conditions?![]()
Simple and clean. Lied. Admitted guilt. No need to talk about test methods, conspiracy or anything else. Bumpers are not a part of this case, logic is.