I prefer beer, pizza, and Doritos myself. In that order.
I prefer beer, pizza, and Doritos myself. In that order.
This is my uncle and aunt who was a daughter of Johnny Yepp.A week earlier, the Galveston Tri-Weekly News had editorialized that the Chinese would bring the newly enfranchised blacks back under the control of planters and capitalists. “When the Negro once finds out it is work or starve he will not hesitate long between the two. Welcome then, John Chinaman.” (GWTN 1/10/1870) The Calvert Enterprise stated, “We hope they [the Chinese American workers] will rouse the negroes to work . . . Outside of this we see no particular need of them.” (GWTN 1/19/1870) In March, the Centreville Experiment reported that some black freedmen watched the Chinese Americans, “habited in the lightest kind of cotton,” laying track during a Texas norther (GTWN 3/9/1870).
Texas’s first Chinese New Year celebration occurred on January 30, 1870 (Chinese New Year’s Eve) in Bremond, Texas. “In full Chinese costume, including large umbrellas, they promenaded the streets, ‘to the delight of the juveniles without distinction of race or color.’” The Chinese Americans drank whiskey and returned to their work camps by noon. (GTWN 2/18/1870, p. 2)
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One Alabama man, in recalling the harvesting of the 1874 Calvert area cotton crop, wrote that “the country was full of negroes and Chinamen.” (O’Keefe 10) The African Americans and Chinese Americans were together in the fields picking cotton, as almost all of them at this time were farmers, sharecroppers, farm hands, and servants (1880 Census). What did the Chinese do besides work? An 1875 invoice charges James Scott Hanna $9.75 for a pound of opium, which he likely purchased for his workers (Hanna documents). The Chinese also involved themselves with their new American democracy. According to one local historian, 150 Chinese Americans, along with a large number of African Americans, registered to vote in Hearne in 1874 (McCarver and McCarver 57).
The 1880 U.S. census shows 136 Chinese Texans, 72 of them living in Robertson County, around Calvert and Hearne (Rhoads 7). While some of the Chinese American men had wives and family in China, others married Texas women. Among those who married local women, some married white women, and most married African American women. Of the latter, there was a man named Bar Low, who expanded his name to Bar Low Williams. The name change did not represent a complete assimilation, however; when discussing the after-life with a Baptist preacher, Mr. Low Williams declared, “I don’t think I want to go to your heaven, so high, high, up there in the cold, cold sky. Your hell sounds better, warm and not so far away.” (Tolbert 6/20/81)
Lie Chapp, a leader among the Chinese, married an African American woman, and they gave birth to two sons, Lawyer and Bud (see Burnitt). Chinese American Tom Yepp, Sr. arrived at Calvert as a farm worker for the Hanna estate (Yepp interview), and later in life ran a café and a laundry (Burnitt). He and his wife Moriah had five children (Burnitt). Lie Chapp and Tom Yepp married sisters, making their children cousins (Rhoads’ notes).
Lawyer Chapp became the overseer on the John Hill Drennan farm, where African Americans and Chinese African Americans had for years lived, worked and sharecropped. Lawyer Chapp was known as “honest and able.” After his only child (a daughter) died during childbirth, he became “broken of health,” moved into the town of Calvert, and passed away (see Burnitt). Lawyer’s brother Bud apparently had children; by the 1970’s three of Lie Chapp’s great grandchildren – Alonzo, Jimmy, and Sammy Lee – still resided in Calvert (Johnnie Yepp interview). By 1981, three of Sammie Lee Chopp’s children were engineers, one working for the Space Shuttle program. (Tolbert 1981)
Johnny Yepp, Tom Yepp’s son and Bud Chapp’s cousin, was 78 years old when Texas newspaper columnist Frank X. Tolbert wrote, “Certainly there is no more respected citizen in 1972 Calvert than Johnnie Yepp.” By the time of his death, Yepp had managed the cotton gin in Calvert for 42 years. He and his wife Jessie had seven daughters and one son. Johnny knew little of his father, who died when Johnny was young, but he did tell Tolbert something about the younger generations: “My children have quite a varied racial background. My wife had a black mother and white father. We have some mighty handsome children.” By the 1980’s, most of the descendants of the Chinese Americans of Robertson County had left the Brazos Valley, many of them to pursue successful careers (Tolbert 1981).


In the US and Canada, fortified flour containing folic acid was introduced in 1998, which led to a dramatic fall in the rate of these birth defects. Following a long campaign by medical groups, the UK finally agreed to introduce folic acid fortification in 2018.
I can't see what took Britain so long but to be fair, the work "proving" the benefit of folate supplementation in preventing neural tube defects was not completed until the early 90's. Getting it into commerce and law before the end of the decade is pretty darn good.Interesting, that it took so long for folic acid to be added into the basic ingredients of a normal person's diet. Just like iodine into tabletop salt.
https://www.newscientist.com/article/2202465-how-lucy-wills-discovered-a-medical-marvel-in-marmite/
You won because of the people in these photographs:
You won because of the people in these photographs:
https://videoface.ru/video/news/sankt-peterburg-bessmertnyy-polk-9-maya-2019.html
But thank you for joining the effort. It is interesting that I read about Putin tripping in an exhibition hockey match, but I dont read about this. United we stand, divided we fall. This global world seems more divided than ever before.
At 11 pm Trans-Baikal time on August 8, 1945, Soviet foreign minister Vyacheslav Molotov informed Japanese ambassador Naotake Satō that the Soviet Union had declared war on Japan, and that from August 9 the Soviet Government would consider itself to be at war with Japan.
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The Soviet invasion and occupation of the defunct Manchukuo marked the start of a traumatic period for the more than one million residents of the puppet state who were of Japanese descent. The situation for the Japanese military occupants was clear, but the Japanese colonists who had made Manchukuo their home, particularly those born in Manchukuo, were now stateless and homeless, and the (non-Japanese) Manchurians wanted to be rid of these foreigners. Many were killed, many others ended up in Siberian prisons for up to 20 years, and some made their way to the Japanese home islands, where they were also treated as foreigners.
As opposed to dropping a bomb on a country that was ready to surrender? Yes, I agree. Lots of reconstruction required.In Europe, Yes but in the Pacific war with Japan, not so much. The typical Soviet gulag methods were used on the defeated population instead of the US reconstruction plan under General Douglas A. MacArthur .
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet–Japanese_War
Those bombs saved maybe a million Japanese lives and near total destruction of Japan as they were not ready to surrender.As opposed to dropping a bomb on a country that was ready to surrender? Yes, I agree. Lots of reconstruction required.
Not here for a fight, russians always recognized allies. Somehow the favor is not returned.
https://nationalinterest.org/blog/b...ar-ii-these-two-nations-fought-mini-war-46852
The war on japan was declared by Russia as per agreement in 1943. That war is still not over - the Kuril islands.
Where I live now, there used to be a thriving japanese community. They were all taken into interment camps and none were able to come back and resettle. They all ended up having to start fresh elsewhere. This is in Canada. Do not single out countries.
The nice thing about authoritarian dictatorships is you don’t have to care what the people think.The paper says that Mr Ban gave the dogs the names "for fun", but the authorities have failed to see the funny side - particularly with regards the former.
The Yingzhou Police said that they had immediately launched an investigation into the man, who they say had issued "insulting information… against law enforcement personnel".
They added that, "in accordance with the relevant provisions of the People's Republic of China Law on Public Security", he must spend 10 days in an administrative detention centre in the city of Xiangyang.
That's because they exercise government for the people, through the people and by the people... although they've never bothered to clarify who the so-called "people" are...The nice thing about authoritarian dictatorships is you don’t have to care what the people think.
That's pretty tame stuff. The names don't single out an individual (which may not be a problem for Chinese authorities anyway) and are not insulting on the face of it. I mean, people love their pets, do they not? It would be like me naming my dogs "Detective" and "Meter maid". That wouldn't even raise an eyebrow here.The names attracted controversy because they refer to government and civil service workers respectively.
"Chengguan" are officials employed in urban areas to tackle low-level crime, and "Xieguan" are informal community workers such as traffic assistants.