Question about charging 12v battery

dl324

Joined Mar 30, 2015
18,463
Ok can u give me a simple charging circuit
I've designed circuits for charging SLA batteries. Eventually, I came to realize that a commercial battery maintainer was more trouble free. The benefit is that in addition to charging and maintaining batteries, it can also recover some of them.
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I had a 12V/7Ah SLA in a UPS that recently "failed". I put it on the maintainer and it restored the battery enough that the UPS stopped alarming. Still replaced with a new battery because I want the UPS to have its full runtime capacity restored.
 

wayneh

Joined Sep 9, 2010
18,158
Hi guys can i charge lead acid battery with 12v 5a adapter?
Almost certainly, no, as everyone has mentioned. You need nearly 14V at the supply to properly charge a 12V battery. By the time the unloaded voltage of a battery has fallen to 12V, it's nearly "dead". Said another way, charging a lead acid to just 12V is gets it to a better place than any lower voltage, but it's far from charged.

However, it depends on your adapter. In the old days, before widespread SMPS, a 12V nominal wall wart might output 16VDC or so when unloaded - at low current - and will only be drawn down to 12V when under the stated load. This behavior made it acceptable for charging a lead acid battery. Higher current while bulk charging, low current once charged. Not ideal maybe, but it could get the job done.

A commercial, off-the-shelf battery tender can be very inexpensive. In the realm of make-or-buy decisions, it's a very strong buy.
 

crutschow

Joined Mar 14, 2008
38,794
If you already have a >2A, 15-20Vdc souce (such as from an old laptop or bench supply) you could use this LDO charging circuit (LTspice sim below), which performs the three desired lead-acid charging states of: constant-current bulk, constant-voltage absorption, and constant-voltage float charge.
M1 will need to be on a heatsink; size depending upon the supply voltage used.

But as noted, it's likely easier (and probably cheaper) just to buy one of those low-cost chargers available for that.

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MisterBill2

Joined Jan 23, 2018
28,235
Since we know nothing about that "12 volt 5amp adapter", we have not enough information. I have one 12 volt adapter with a "no-load" output of 15 volts, that drops to 12volts with a 400mA load. Certainly a scheme to limit the current (see post #10), if you would be able to build it.
If the adapter voltage is actually 12.0 volts no load, then you can do some charging and the current will drop rapidly as the battery charges. But you will not get close to a full charge.
 

WBahn

Joined Mar 31, 2012
33,178
If all else fails, read what it says on the battery.

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When charging, start with something between 14.5 V and 14.9 V, limiting the current to no more than 2.8 A.
When floating it (maintaining it), use something between 13.6 V and 13.8 V.
 
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