Help in design in Proteus, with an LM35

Thread Starter

robi10101298

Joined May 7, 2020
23
I'm trying to build a graphic display thermometer in Proteus, with an LM35 sensor using the ATmega 164 microcontroller.

My problem is that I don't know how to connect the temperature sensor to the microcontroller and how can I code this using CodeVision AVR?

  • What am I doing wrong?
  • Are the wires connected OK? If not, why?1606399582059.png
 
Last edited by a moderator:

Wolframore

Joined Jan 21, 2019
2,609
Sounds more like a proteus question rather than electronics. I have it but never tried to use Arduino in it. There are free ones like Tinkercad which may get you running faster for just one sensor. I had issues with time out in Proteus just doming some simple PWM.
 

SamR

Joined Mar 19, 2019
5,031
The sensor is connected to an analog pin. Then you have to code the analog signal to the range of the sensor.
 

Thread Starter

robi10101298

Joined May 7, 2020
23
The sensor is connected to an analog pin. Then you have to code the analog signal to the range of the sensor.
I have the code for it but the problem is that I can only power on the display, I can't show the temperature on it..
C:
#include <mega164a.h>

#include <delay.h>

// Alphanumeric LCD functions
#include <alcd.h>
 #include <stdio.h>  
 #include "defs.h"
// Declare your global variables here
   
// Voltage Reference: 1.1V, cap. on AREF
#define ADC_VREF_TYPE ((1<<REFS1) | (0<<REFS0) | (1<<ADLAR))

// Read the 8 most significant bits
// of the AD conversion result
unsigned char read_adc(unsigned char adc_input)
{
ADMUX=adc_input | ADC_VREF_TYPE;
// Delay needed for the stabilization of the ADC input voltage
delay_us(10);
// Start the AD conversion
ADCSRA|=(1<<ADSC);
// Wait for the AD conversion to complete
while ((ADCSRA & (1<<ADIF))==0);
ADCSRA|=(1<<ADIF);
return ADCH;
}

void main(void)
{
// Declare your local variables here
// Crystal Oscillator division factor: 1
#pragma optsize-
CLKPR=(1<<CLKPCE);
CLKPR=(0<<CLKPCE) | (0<<CLKPS3) | (0<<CLKPS2) | (0<<CLKPS1) | (0<<CLKPS0);
#ifdef _OPTIMIZE_SIZE_
#pragma optsize+
#endif

// Input/Output Ports initialization
// Port A initialization
// Function: Bit7=In Bit6=In Bit5=In Bit4=In Bit3=In Bit2=In Bit1=In Bit0=In 
DDRA=(0<<DDA7) | (0<<DDA6) | (0<<DDA5) | (0<<DDA4) | (0<<DDA3) | (0<<DDA2) | (0<<DDA1) | (0<<DDA0);
// State: Bit7=T Bit6=T Bit5=T Bit4=T Bit3=T Bit2=T Bit1=T Bit0=T 
PORTA=(0<<PORTA7) | (0<<PORTA6) | (0<<PORTA5) | (0<<PORTA4) | (0<<PORTA3) | (0<<PORTA2) | (0<<PORTA1) | (0<<PORTA0);

// Port B initialization
// Function: Bit7=In Bit6=In Bit5=In Bit4=In Bit3=In Bit2=In Bit1=In Bit0=In 
DDRB=(0<<DDB7) | (0<<DDB6) | (0<<DDB5) | (0<<DDB4) | (0<<DDB3) | (0<<DDB2) | (0<<DDB1) | (0<<DDB0);
// State: Bit7=T Bit6=T Bit5=T Bit4=T Bit3=T Bit2=T Bit1=T Bit0=T 
PORTB=(0<<PORTB7) | (0<<PORTB6) | (0<<PORTB5) | (0<<PORTB4) | (0<<PORTB3) | (0<<PORTB2) | (0<<PORTB1) | (0<<PORTB0);

// Port C initialization
// Function: Bit7=In Bit6=In Bit5=In Bit4=In Bit3=In Bit2=In Bit1=In Bit0=In 
DDRC=(0<<DDC7) | (0<<DDC6) | (0<<DDC5) | (0<<DDC4) | (0<<DDC3) | (0<<DDC2) | (0<<DDC1) | (0<<DDC0);
// State: Bit7=T Bit6=T Bit5=T Bit4=T Bit3=T Bit2=T Bit1=T Bit0=T 
PORTC=(0<<PORTC7) | (0<<PORTC6) | (0<<PORTC5) | (0<<PORTC4) | (0<<PORTC3) | (0<<PORTC2) | (0<<PORTC1) | (0<<PORTC0);

// Port D initialization
// Function: Bit7=In Bit6=In Bit5=In Bit4=In Bit3=In Bit2=In Bit1=In Bit0=In 
DDRD=(0<<DDD7) | (0<<DDD6) | (0<<DDD5) | (0<<DDD4) | (0<<DDD3) | (0<<DDD2) | (0<<DDD1) | (0<<DDD0);
// State: Bit7=T Bit6=T Bit5=T Bit4=T Bit3=T Bit2=T Bit1=T Bit0=T 
PORTD=(0<<PORTD7) | (0<<PORTD6) | (0<<PORTD5) | (0<<PORTD4) | (0<<PORTD3) | (0<<PORTD2) | (0<<PORTD1) | (0<<PORTD0);

// Timer/Counter 0 initialization
// Clock source: System Clock
// Clock value: Timer 0 Stopped
// Mode: Normal top=0xFF
// OC0A output: Disconnected
// OC0B output: Disconnected
TCCR0A=(0<<COM0A1) | (0<<COM0A0) | (0<<COM0B1) | (0<<COM0B0) | (0<<WGM01) | (0<<WGM00);
TCCR0B=(0<<WGM02) | (0<<CS02) | (0<<CS01) | (0<<CS00);
TCNT0=0x00;
OCR0A=0x00;
OCR0B=0x00;

// Timer/Counter 1 initialization
// Clock source: System Clock
// Clock value: Timer1 Stopped
// Mode: Normal top=0xFFFF
// OC1A output: Disconnected
// OC1B output: Disconnected
// Noise Canceler: Off
// Input Capture on Falling Edge
// Timer1 Overflow Interrupt: Off
// Input Capture Interrupt: Off
// Compare A Match Interrupt: Off
// Compare B Match Interrupt: Off
TCCR1A=(0<<COM1A1) | (0<<COM1A0) | (0<<COM1B1) | (0<<COM1B0) | (0<<WGM11) | (0<<WGM10);
TCCR1B=(0<<ICNC1) | (0<<ICES1) | (0<<WGM13) | (0<<WGM12) | (0<<CS12) | (0<<CS11) | (0<<CS10);
TCNT1H=0x00;
TCNT1L=0x00;
ICR1H=0x00;
ICR1L=0x00;
OCR1AH=0x00;
OCR1AL=0x00;
OCR1BH=0x00;
OCR1BL=0x00;

// Timer/Counter 2 initialization
// Clock source: System Clock
// Clock value: Timer2 Stopped
// Mode: Normal top=0xFF
// OC2A output: Disconnected
// OC2B output: Disconnected
ASSR=(0<<EXCLK) | (0<<AS2);
TCCR2A=(0<<COM2A1) | (0<<COM2A0) | (0<<COM2B1) | (0<<COM2B0) | (0<<WGM21) | (0<<WGM20);
TCCR2B=(0<<WGM22) | (0<<CS22) | (0<<CS21) | (0<<CS20);
TCNT2=0x00;
OCR2A=0x00;
OCR2B=0x00;

// Timer/Counter 0 Interrupt(s) initialization
TIMSK0=(0<<OCIE0B) | (0<<OCIE0A) | (0<<TOIE0);

// Timer/Counter 1 Interrupt(s) initialization
TIMSK1=(0<<ICIE1) | (0<<OCIE1B) | (0<<OCIE1A) | (0<<TOIE1);

// Timer/Counter 2 Interrupt(s) initialization
TIMSK2=(0<<OCIE2B) | (0<<OCIE2A) | (0<<TOIE2);

// External Interrupt(s) initialization
// INT0: Off
// INT1: Off
// INT2: Off
// Interrupt on any change on pins PCINT0-7: Off
// Interrupt on any change on pins PCINT8-15: Off
// Interrupt on any change on pins PCINT16-23: Off
// Interrupt on any change on pins PCINT24-31: Off
EICRA=(0<<ISC21) | (0<<ISC20) | (0<<ISC11) | (0<<ISC10) | (0<<ISC01) | (0<<ISC00);
EIMSK=(0<<INT2) | (0<<INT1) | (0<<INT0);
PCICR=(0<<PCIE3) | (0<<PCIE2) | (0<<PCIE1) | (0<<PCIE0);

// USART0 initialization
// USART0 disabled
UCSR0B=(0<<RXCIE0) | (0<<TXCIE0) | (0<<UDRIE0) | (0<<RXEN0) | (0<<TXEN0) | (0<<UCSZ02) | (0<<RXB80) | (0<<TXB80);

// USART1 initialization
// USART1 disabled
UCSR1B=(0<<RXCIE1) | (0<<TXCIE1) | (0<<UDRIE1) | (0<<RXEN1) | (0<<TXEN1) | (0<<UCSZ12) | (0<<RXB81) | (0<<TXB81);

// Analog Comparator initialization
// Analog Comparator: Off
// The Analog Comparator's positive input is
// connected to the AIN0 pin
// The Analog Comparator's negative input is
// connected to the AIN1 pin
ACSR=(1<<ACD) | (0<<ACBG) | (0<<ACO) | (0<<ACI) | (0<<ACIE) | (0<<ACIC) | (0<<ACIS1) | (0<<ACIS0);
// Digital input buffer on AIN0: On
// Digital input buffer on AIN1: On
DIDR1=(0<<AIN0D) | (0<<AIN1D);

// ADC initialization
// ADC Clock frequency: 625.000 kHz
// ADC Voltage Reference: 1.1V, cap. on AREF
// ADC Auto Trigger Source: Free Running
// Only the 8 most significant bits of
// the AD conversion result are used
// Digital input buffers on ADC0: On, ADC1: On, ADC2: On, ADC3: On
// ADC4: On, ADC5: On, ADC6: On, ADC7: On
DIDR0=(0<<ADC7D) | (0<<ADC6D) | (0<<ADC5D) | (0<<ADC4D) | (0<<ADC3D) | (0<<ADC2D) | (0<<ADC1D) | (0<<ADC0D);
ADMUX=ADC_VREF_TYPE;
ADCSRA=(1<<ADEN) | (0<<ADSC) | (1<<ADATE) | (0<<ADIF) | (0<<ADIE) | (1<<ADPS2) | (0<<ADPS1) | (1<<ADPS0);
ADCSRB=(0<<ADTS2) | (0<<ADTS1) | (0<<ADTS0);

// SPI initialization
// SPI disabled
SPCR=(0<<SPIE) | (0<<SPE) | (0<<DORD) | (0<<MSTR) | (0<<CPOL) | (0<<CPHA) | (0<<SPR1) | (0<<SPR0);

// TWI initialization
// TWI disabled
TWCR=(0<<TWEA) | (0<<TWSTA) | (0<<TWSTO) | (0<<TWEN) | (0<<TWIE);

// Alphanumeric LCD initialization
// Connections are specified in the
// Project|Configure|C Compiler|Libraries|Alphanumeric LCD menu:
// RS - PORTC Bit 0
// RD - PORTC Bit 1
// EN - PORTC Bit 2
// D4 - PORTC Bit 4
// D5 - PORTC Bit 5
// D6 - PORTC Bit 6
// D7 - PORTC Bit 7
// Characters/line: 20
lcd_init(20);
//char arr[11]="0123456789";
lcd_gotoxy(0,0);
// display the message
lcd_putsf("Temp is:");
lcd_gotoxy(0,1);
lcd_putsf("? 13 A3 "); 
printf("\r\nSwVersion:%d.%d\r\n", SW_VERSION/10, SW_VERSION%10);

while (1)
      {
      // Place your code here
      }
}
 
Last edited:

Wolframore

Joined Jan 21, 2019
2,609
nice... it's still not my favorite simulator but it works. I didn't look in your code (TLDR) but basically you need to configure it as analog then convert the voltage to a value. It looks like exactly what you wrote...

1606410413094.png

anything in parentheses output as text.
 

Thread Starter

robi10101298

Joined May 7, 2020
23
I've tried something like
C:
char arr[11]="0123456789";
int res = 0;
res=ADC_Read(0);
          LCD_Chr(2,1,arr[res/100%10]);
          LCD_Chr(2,2,arr[res/10%10]);       
          LCD_Chr(2,3,arr[res%10]);
but it looks like it's not valid in CodeVisionAVR :(
 

Wolframore

Joined Jan 21, 2019
2,609
sorry not an expert with proteus... why not just breadboard it? adding library I believe is possible but for me not worth the trouble.
 

SamR

Joined Mar 19, 2019
5,031
Don't use PROTEUS. Saw an analog comparator initialized and then turned OFF? Didn't see any scaling of the analog input. In Arduino, you read the analog input pin which is then scaled to the range of the sensor to convert the mV signal into °C or °F depending on your scaling conversion.
 

Thread Starter

robi10101298

Joined May 7, 2020
23
Don't use PROTEUS. Saw an analog comparator initialized and then turned OFF? Didn't see any scaling of the analog input. In Arduino, you read the analog input pin which is then scaled to the range of the sensor to convert the mV signal into °C or °F depending on your scaling conversion.
I know that in Arduino it's much easier to do this, but I'm constrained to Proteus, ATmega164 and CodeVisionAVR unfortunately ... :(
 

Thread Starter

robi10101298

Joined May 7, 2020
23
I've finally measured the temperature, but I have some problems with the calculations...Instead of 26 degrees it's showing me 26.9..
1606464935982.png
Here it's the final code:
C:
#include <mega164a.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <delay.h>

// Alphanumeric LCD functions
#include <alcd.h>

// Declare your global variables here

// Voltage Reference: 1.1V, cap. on AREF
#define ADC_VREF_TYPE ((1<<REFS1) | (0<<REFS0) | (1<<ADLAR))
 int res = 0;
 float temperature=0.0;
// Read the 8 most significant bits
// of the AD conversion result
unsigned char read_adc(unsigned char adc_input)
{
ADMUX=adc_input | ADC_VREF_TYPE;
// Delay needed for the stabilization of the ADC input voltage
delay_us(10);
// Start the AD conversion
ADCSRA|=(1<<ADSC);
// Wait for the AD conversion to complete
while ((ADCSRA & (1<<ADIF))==0);
ADCSRA|=(1<<ADIF);
return ADCH;
}
    unsigned char buffer[16];
void main(void)
{
// Declare your local variables here

// Crystal Oscillator division factor: 1
#pragma optsize-
CLKPR=(1<<CLKPCE);
CLKPR=(0<<CLKPCE) | (0<<CLKPS3) | (0<<CLKPS2) | (0<<CLKPS1) | (0<<CLKPS0);
#ifdef _OPTIMIZE_SIZE_
#pragma optsize+
#endif

// Input/Output Ports initialization
// Port A initialization
// Function: Bit7=In Bit6=In Bit5=In Bit4=In Bit3=In Bit2=In Bit1=In Bit0=In
DDRA=(0<<DDA7) | (0<<DDA6) | (0<<DDA5) | (0<<DDA4) | (0<<DDA3) | (0<<DDA2) | (0<<DDA1) | (0<<DDA0);
// State: Bit7=T Bit6=T Bit5=T Bit4=T Bit3=T Bit2=T Bit1=T Bit0=T
PORTA=(0<<PORTA7) | (0<<PORTA6) | (0<<PORTA5) | (0<<PORTA4) | (0<<PORTA3) | (0<<PORTA2) | (0<<PORTA1) | (0<<PORTA0);

// Port B initialization
// Function: Bit7=In Bit6=In Bit5=In Bit4=In Bit3=In Bit2=In Bit1=In Bit0=In
DDRB=(0<<DDB7) | (0<<DDB6) | (0<<DDB5) | (0<<DDB4) | (0<<DDB3) | (0<<DDB2) | (0<<DDB1) | (0<<DDB0);
// State: Bit7=T Bit6=T Bit5=T Bit4=T Bit3=T Bit2=T Bit1=T Bit0=T
PORTB=(0<<PORTB7) | (0<<PORTB6) | (0<<PORTB5) | (0<<PORTB4) | (0<<PORTB3) | (0<<PORTB2) | (0<<PORTB1) | (0<<PORTB0);

// Port C initialization
// Function: Bit7=In Bit6=In Bit5=In Bit4=In Bit3=In Bit2=In Bit1=In Bit0=In
DDRC=(0<<DDC7) | (0<<DDC6) | (0<<DDC5) | (0<<DDC4) | (0<<DDC3) | (0<<DDC2) | (0<<DDC1) | (0<<DDC0);
// State: Bit7=T Bit6=T Bit5=T Bit4=T Bit3=T Bit2=T Bit1=T Bit0=T
PORTC=(0<<PORTC7) | (0<<PORTC6) | (0<<PORTC5) | (0<<PORTC4) | (0<<PORTC3) | (0<<PORTC2) | (0<<PORTC1) | (0<<PORTC0);

// Port D initialization
// Function: Bit7=In Bit6=In Bit5=In Bit4=In Bit3=In Bit2=In Bit1=In Bit0=In
DDRD=(0<<DDD7) | (0<<DDD6) | (0<<DDD5) | (0<<DDD4) | (0<<DDD3) | (0<<DDD2) | (0<<DDD1) | (0<<DDD0);
// State: Bit7=T Bit6=T Bit5=T Bit4=T Bit3=T Bit2=T Bit1=T Bit0=T
PORTD=(0<<PORTD7) | (0<<PORTD6) | (0<<PORTD5) | (0<<PORTD4) | (0<<PORTD3) | (0<<PORTD2) | (0<<PORTD1) | (0<<PORTD0);

// Timer/Counter 0 initialization
// Clock source: System Clock
// Clock value: Timer 0 Stopped
// Mode: Normal top=0xFF
// OC0A output: Disconnected
// OC0B output: Disconnected
TCCR0A=(0<<COM0A1) | (0<<COM0A0) | (0<<COM0B1) | (0<<COM0B0) | (0<<WGM01) | (0<<WGM00);
TCCR0B=(0<<WGM02) | (0<<CS02) | (0<<CS01) | (0<<CS00);
TCNT0=0x00;
OCR0A=0x00;
OCR0B=0x00;

// Timer/Counter 1 initialization
// Clock source: System Clock
// Clock value: Timer1 Stopped
// Mode: Normal top=0xFFFF
// OC1A output: Disconnected
// OC1B output: Disconnected
// Noise Canceler: Off
// Input Capture on Falling Edge
// Timer1 Overflow Interrupt: Off
// Input Capture Interrupt: Off
// Compare A Match Interrupt: Off
// Compare B Match Interrupt: Off
TCCR1A=(0<<COM1A1) | (0<<COM1A0) | (0<<COM1B1) | (0<<COM1B0) | (0<<WGM11) | (0<<WGM10);
TCCR1B=(0<<ICNC1) | (0<<ICES1) | (0<<WGM13) | (0<<WGM12) | (0<<CS12) | (0<<CS11) | (0<<CS10);
TCNT1H=0x00;
TCNT1L=0x00;
ICR1H=0x00;
ICR1L=0x00;
OCR1AH=0x00;
OCR1AL=0x00;
OCR1BH=0x00;
OCR1BL=0x00;

// Timer/Counter 2 initialization
// Clock source: System Clock
// Clock value: Timer2 Stopped
// Mode: Normal top=0xFF
// OC2A output: Disconnected
// OC2B output: Disconnected
ASSR=(0<<EXCLK) | (0<<AS2);
TCCR2A=(0<<COM2A1) | (0<<COM2A0) | (0<<COM2B1) | (0<<COM2B0) | (0<<WGM21) | (0<<WGM20);
TCCR2B=(0<<WGM22) | (0<<CS22) | (0<<CS21) | (0<<CS20);
TCNT2=0x00;
OCR2A=0x00;
OCR2B=0x00;

// Timer/Counter 0 Interrupt(s) initialization
TIMSK0=(0<<OCIE0B) | (0<<OCIE0A) | (0<<TOIE0);

// Timer/Counter 1 Interrupt(s) initialization
TIMSK1=(0<<ICIE1) | (0<<OCIE1B) | (0<<OCIE1A) | (0<<TOIE1);

// Timer/Counter 2 Interrupt(s) initialization
TIMSK2=(0<<OCIE2B) | (0<<OCIE2A) | (0<<TOIE2);

// External Interrupt(s) initialization
// INT0: Off
// INT1: Off
// INT2: Off
// Interrupt on any change on pins PCINT0-7: Off
// Interrupt on any change on pins PCINT8-15: Off
// Interrupt on any change on pins PCINT16-23: Off
// Interrupt on any change on pins PCINT24-31: Off
EICRA=(0<<ISC21) | (0<<ISC20) | (0<<ISC11) | (0<<ISC10) | (0<<ISC01) | (0<<ISC00);
EIMSK=(0<<INT2) | (0<<INT1) | (0<<INT0);
PCICR=(0<<PCIE3) | (0<<PCIE2) | (0<<PCIE1) | (0<<PCIE0);

// USART0 initialization
// USART0 disabled
UCSR0B=(0<<RXCIE0) | (0<<TXCIE0) | (0<<UDRIE0) | (0<<RXEN0) | (0<<TXEN0) | (0<<UCSZ02) | (0<<RXB80) | (0<<TXB80);

// USART1 initialization
// USART1 disabled
UCSR1B=(0<<RXCIE1) | (0<<TXCIE1) | (0<<UDRIE1) | (0<<RXEN1) | (0<<TXEN1) | (0<<UCSZ12) | (0<<RXB81) | (0<<TXB81);

// Analog Comparator initialization
// Analog Comparator: Off
// The Analog Comparator's positive input is
// connected to the AIN0 pin
// The Analog Comparator's negative input is
// connected to the AIN1 pin
ACSR=(1<<ACD) | (0<<ACBG) | (0<<ACO) | (0<<ACI) | (0<<ACIE) | (0<<ACIC) | (0<<ACIS1) | (0<<ACIS0);
// Digital input buffer on AIN0: On
// Digital input buffer on AIN1: On
DIDR1=(0<<AIN0D) | (0<<AIN1D);

// ADC initialization
// ADC Clock frequency: 625.000 kHz
// ADC Voltage Reference: 1.1V, cap. on AREF
// ADC Auto Trigger Source: Free Running
// Only the 8 most significant bits of
// the AD conversion result are used
// Digital input buffers on ADC0: On, ADC1: On, ADC2: On, ADC3: On
// ADC4: On, ADC5: On, ADC6: On, ADC7: On
DIDR0=(0<<ADC7D) | (0<<ADC6D) | (0<<ADC5D) | (0<<ADC4D) | (0<<ADC3D) | (0<<ADC2D) | (0<<ADC1D) | (0<<ADC0D);
ADMUX=ADC_VREF_TYPE;
ADCSRA=(1<<ADEN) | (0<<ADSC) | (1<<ADATE) | (0<<ADIF) | (0<<ADIE) | (1<<ADPS2) | (0<<ADPS1) | (1<<ADPS0);
ADCSRB=(0<<ADTS2) | (0<<ADTS1) | (0<<ADTS0);

// SPI initialization
// SPI disabled
SPCR=(0<<SPIE) | (0<<SPE) | (0<<DORD) | (0<<MSTR) | (0<<CPOL) | (0<<CPHA) | (0<<SPR1) | (0<<SPR0);

// TWI initialization
// TWI disabled
TWCR=(0<<TWEA) | (0<<TWSTA) | (0<<TWSTO) | (0<<TWEN) | (0<<TWIE);

// Alphanumeric LCD initialization
// Connections are specified in the
// Project|Configure|C Compiler|Libraries|Alphanumeric LCD menu:
// RS - PORTC Bit 0
// RD - PORTC Bit 1
// EN - PORTC Bit 2
// D4 - PORTC Bit 4
// D5 - PORTC Bit 5
// D6 - PORTC Bit 6
// D7 - PORTC Bit 7
// Characters/line: 20
lcd_init(20);
  
  

while (1)
      {
      // Place your code here
      lcd_clear();
      res=read_adc(0);
      temperature=res*0.442;
      sprintf(buffer, "%f", temperature);
      
      lcd_puts(buffer);
      delay_ms(1500);

      }
}
 

SamR

Joined Mar 19, 2019
5,031
IF it's linear, simply subtract 0.9. If not then your scaling calculation is a bit off. A simple calibration procedure for temp is ice water. Its temp will be 32°F or 0°C.
 

Wolframore

Joined Jan 21, 2019
2,609
I believe you still have some issues with your ref voltage. scaling by 0.453 doesn’t make sense with a device outputting 10mV/C. I noticed you wired a 1.1v external ref, did you change your code? Ask yourself what the ADC value should be for a given voltage and what ADC value. You might want some serial print commands to check your variables. Another check would be to vary the output of the LM35 and check the results.
 
Last edited:

Thread Starter

robi10101298

Joined May 7, 2020
23
I believe you still have some issues with your ref voltage. scaling by 0.453 doesn’t make sense with a device outputting 10mV/C. I noticed you wired a 1.1v external ref, did you change your code? Ask yourself what the ADC value should be for a given voltage and what ADC value. You might want some serial print commands to check your variables. Another check would be to vary the output of the LM35 and check the results.
Well, I've picked using the CodeWizardAVR the value of 1.1V for the ADC. Regarding the serial, right now I'm working on another project on the same board where I need to have a LED that should blink at 3 different frequencies of my choice, upon successive keypresses. Right now it's blinking at 2 different frequencies but not at 3 and I don't know where to start from..
 
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