I am designing a system of gas sensor nodes.This in the R&D state.

The sensor node consist of a gas sensor+CC1352P.This sensor nodes will communicate with acentral node.Gas sensors are not finalised yet.Only CC1352P is finalised.

The central node contains only CC1352P.As per my internet search I found that CC1352P is range is from 1 KM to 5 KM.(Please correct me if I am wrong)

I know when the range is more,the data rate will be less.

suppose I am operating at 50kbps how much range I will get in rural and Urban areas.I know the word rural and urban are subjective.

But mathematically how do I calculate the range for 50kbps at urban and rural areas

 

Link budget calculations https://www.mathworks.com/discovery/link-budget.html

https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&sou...8QFnoECCcQAQ&usg=AOvVaw281LpajzJ1nL6SaBDBbHih

 

The right keyword is Friis formula: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friis_transmission_equation
Yet it ignores the land curvature. No way to beat through the planet Earth, therefore geometrically limit is L(kilometers)=3.57*sqrt(H antenna (meters)). In common case the few miliwatts are enough to signal goes 32 000 km from gps satellite to You, thus most cases real limits are coming from Earth curvature not due the Friis.

 

The right keyword is Friis formula: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friis_transmission_equation
Yet it ignores the land curvature. No way to beat through the planet Earth, therefore geometrically limit is L(kilometers)=3.57*sqrt(H antenna (meters)). In common case the few miliwatts are enough to signal goes 32 000 km from gps satellite to You, thus most cases real limits are coming from Earth curvature not due the Friis.

Far too simplistic even for real world, single link LOS comm systems.


The land curvature can be overcome to some extent with NLOS radio systems.

You've never used HF skip or low frequency ground waves that follows the earth curve. You're right, those calculations are for single LOS signal paths but not all radio propagation is single LOS point to point.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skywave

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_wave#Ground_wave
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropospheric_scatter

 

RE:NsaSpook - Your words are words of wisdom, BUT....
But if we speak about sensor originated "telegrams" be delivered once every each seconds, then sporadic e-reflection use is VERY BAD idea, because the e-reflection sometimes is, sometimes is not, sometimes reflects skewy etc etc, thus via the e-layer the regularity and trust to signal will be heavy endangered.
I often help to one local; company who specializing in telemetric data networks in different factories. Cases when beer machine is staying away some 3 km off the director chair is rather frequent. Then cheapest solution is sure not to beat through with a QRP or elaborate the superior plus plus antenna park, but simply tie to certain tree stem in the wood between both objects the retranslator with a battery. Because in our case when activity is one telegram per minute, any battery is satisfactory up to slight less than three years if NRF24L and one year if LORA(TM) at 868 MHz. Just need to shunting battery with at least one Farad supercap.

 

I will be using CC1352P. The band is 868 Mhz.One node will contain CC1352P + 16 Gas sensors.Just started calculating the battery requirements.The system needs to work for 1 week.As you suggested I will keep a supercap in parallel with battery

 

RE CCP1352P.... Never heard, thus throw a sight into datasheet....

CC1352P
SimpleLink™ Arm Cortex-M4F multiprotocol Sub-1 GHz & 2.4 GHz wireless MCU integrated power amplifier

....And wonder, WHY SO COMPLICATED!!! Why the amplifier??
In both, LORA and NORDIC both have ANYTHING ready, just attach to the Atmel 32 and voila! Yet the LORA cost about 5 USD while NORDIC cost 0.99 USD. The range by duckneck antenna 3 km Lora and 1 km Nordic, and with pcb post-mark sized coil-type antenna twice lesser. The battery capacity at one telegram per minute is 1 year to LORA and 3 years to Nordic. The bitrate for LORA is 10x larger.

Both have enhanced algorithm preventing data loss and adjusting the power to current aether SNR obstacles.
Even if Your aim is to get the space link with nearest Galaxy, the simplest is to use LORA with surplus amplifier, but NOT the non-advanced non-FSK with non-repeating and non-checksum algorithms, contrary - all implemented well in it.

LORA and Nordic both are so stable, that even in case of russian caused slaughterhouse in Ukraine frontier where the Ukrainian drones may use it rather well even at most advanced russians caused radiotechnical disturbance (multifrequency saw-machine) fields .

 

If you don't mind could please provide the Part numbers of LoRA and Nordic.