Usually implemented in power strips, sometimes one type, sometimes another... Which is the more convenient across 120VAC phase and neutral ?
If a power strip has one; is all the dwelling protected on that phase ?
Can these be installed somewhere in the circuit breaker panel for protection of the whole house or at any wall outlet they will perform the same ? And where does it end ... the neighbors have their utility wires in parallel... they become protected too ?

 

For a whole house, only get a surge suppressor designed for "whole house". There are many sold in the home improvement stores. Though not cheap, you also need a 30A dual pole breaker (in North America) to have the suppressor wired into.
Those that you show in the picture just cannot take a high amount of energy, and having one of those blow in a panel can be messy.
Also, putting in a non-approved suppressor into your panel may void your house insurance. Use only those that are approved for whole house protection. If you put in your own, and the house burns down due to a large arc or flashover, your insurance will simply walk away from you.
I have one, it has saved me once already from an EMP from a hit on the ground system nearby. Blew things wired to the Ethernet network (no suppressors on wired Ethernet), but home appliances and all other devices plugged into the wall were not damaged.

 

All wiring has "impedance" - the voltage spike in your house is not the same at the neighbor's house.
This frequency-dependent impedance attenuates higher frequency spikes, otherwise, the power line would be a hopeless jumble of noise from everything that is connected.

These things are best applied close to the point needing protection.
Note that these things a tiny- useful for absorbing very limited amounts of energy.

They also make giant ones - for high tension power lines.