If the device shows a short between ground and Vcc, then the device is internally damaged, the internal information gone forever.
I understand that this answer is not what you want to hear.
If it's your million dollar Bitcoin password on the chip, then, there some people (I know) with access to semiconductor yield probe analysts gear that might be able to do a one time chip strip and die level probe for a ridiculous sum of money unless you work for a three letter agency. Then the price goes to a ludicrous sum of money.
You still may be out of luck since most devices with firmware have a security fuse which would prevent you from doing what you want. @nsaspook alluded to people who can open the package and use a scanning electron microscope to read the contents of the program memory. This process does not come cheap.
If you happen to be able to decap the chip and have a SEM handy, then with a few days labor and some specialized software tools you might be able to manage it...
In other words—you are, unfortunately, out of luck.