Interesting Algorithms

WBahn

Joined Mar 31, 2012
32,702
This is an example of one of the classic fallacies in logical reasoning, namely that if A implies B, that B therefore implies A, generally known as the fallacy of affirming the consequent. The classic example used to illustrate this fallacy is usually something like:

If it is raining, then the ground is wet.

If we limit ourselves to a world where this is always true, namely that knowing that "is raining" is True, that we can infer that "the ground is wet" is also True, then affirming the consequent would be asserting that if we know that the ground is wet, then we also know that it is raining. But this is clearly not the case, since the ground might be wet because someone just poured a bucket of water on it.

Somewhat surprisingly, because it seems so obvious when a specific absurd counterexample is used, neither the fallacy itself nor the method of disproving a universal claim by showing a single counterexample were formalized until symbolic logic was established by people like George Boole, right around 1850. Prior to that, the focus had been (for literally thousands of years) on formalizing methods of proving that something was true by deductive and inductive reasoning, and not on categorizing and recognizing invalid ways of doing so. Boole's work and its implications on logical reasoning were profound, but profound changes are seldom accepted and adopted overnight or without a fight. So, while these were widely explored topics by the beginning of the 20th century, it's not hard to imagine that quite a few established thinkers were still wedded to older schools of thought.
 

Ian0

Joined Aug 7, 2020
13,097
This is an example of one of the classic fallacies in logical reasoning, namely that if A implies B, that B therefore implies A, generally known as the fallacy of affirming the consequent. The classic example used to illustrate this fallacy is usually something like:

If it is raining, then the ground is wet.

If we limit ourselves to a world where this is always true, namely that knowing that "is raining" is True, that we can infer that "the ground is wet" is also True, then affirming the consequent would be asserting that if we know that the ground is wet, then we also know that it is raining. But this is clearly not the case, since the ground might be wet because someone just poured a bucket of water on it.

Somewhat surprisingly, because it seems so obvious when a specific absurd counterexample is used, neither the fallacy itself nor the method of disproving a universal claim by showing a single counterexample were formalized until symbolic logic was established by people like George Boole, right around 1850. Prior to that, the focus had been (for literally thousands of years) on formalizing methods of proving that something was true by deductive and inductive reasoning, and not on categorizing and recognizing invalid ways of doing so. Boole's work and its implications on logical reasoning were profound, but profound changes are seldom accepted and adopted overnight or without a fight. So, while these were widely explored topics by the beginning of the 20th century, it's not hard to imagine that quite a few established thinkers were still wedded to older schools of thought.
His logic failed him in the end. He believed that "like cured like" which wasn't very logical. He became ill after being caught in the winter rain, so wrapped himself in damp cold blankets. It turned to pnumonia which killed him.
 

Futurist

Joined Apr 8, 2025
720
We are not supposed to be doing others' homework on this site.

Post your best effort, and we'll help you figure out where you've gone wrong.
Asking you for the salient point raised by the video you posted isn't homework, I can only conclude that you haven't actually watched the video yourself hence the struggle to answer me. It sounds interesting but I won't spend 30 minutes watching it, you get a B- for communication, try harder next time.
 
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