Best Affordable Calculator for Electronics?

ian field

Joined Oct 27, 2012
6,536
Oh, it already is.

A couple of times I've had people tell me how insensitive it is when I've told them what it stood for.

Just goes to show you. If a country is recognized, by having an entire class of notation named in its honor, for a major contribution to mathematics and science made by one of its citizens, it's deemed insensitive in this upside-down PC-crazed world.
It was Polish mathematicians that reverse engineered The German Enigma cypher machine.

They escaped to Britain with a sample machine and a good foundation of knowledge about it - without their contribution, the MOD might have just labelled it; "typewriter" and shoved it in the back of a cupboard somewhere.

Decrypting took on an industrial scale at Bletchley Park, some historians think it shortened the war by a couple of years.
 

WBahn

Joined Mar 31, 2012
32,890
It was Polish mathematicians that reverse engineered The German Enigma cypher machine.

They escaped to Britain with a sample machine and a good foundation of knowledge about it - without their contribution, the MOD might have just labelled it; "typewriter" and shoved it in the back of a cupboard somewhere.

Decrypting took on an industrial scale at Bletchley Park, some historians think it shortened the war by a couple of years.
On both sides of the Atlantic, it was very possibly the code-breakers and the radar engineers that made the single-largest contributions to the war effort and, very possibly, not only shortened the war but decided the eventual outcome.
 

ian field

Joined Oct 27, 2012
6,536
On both sides of the Atlantic, it was very possibly the code-breakers and the radar engineers that made the single-largest contributions to the war effort and, very possibly, not only shortened the war but decided the eventual outcome.
Most developed countries were researching radar in one form or another, but Britain produced the cavity magnetron that generated centimetric waves with the resolution to pick out a U-boat snorkel in the middle of an ocean.

Britain basically gave the cavity magnetron to the USA in exchange for manufacturing capacity of said item.
 

WBahn

Joined Mar 31, 2012
32,890
Most developed countries were researching radar in one form or another, but Britain produced the cavity magnetron that generated centimetric waves with the resolution to pick out a U-boat snorkel in the middle of an ocean.

Britain basically gave the cavity magnetron to the USA in exchange for manufacturing capacity of said item.
We also produced a large fraction of the bombes and other computing machines used for large-scale code breaking. While America did contribute a decent amount of technical and scientific expertise to many problems, the big contribution was directly related to the huge industrial capacity that the U.S. had -- and was willing to commit to the war effort even before we were officially at war.
 

ian field

Joined Oct 27, 2012
6,536
We also produced a large fraction of the bombes and other computing machines used for large-scale code breaking. While America did contribute a decent amount of technical and scientific expertise to many problems, the big contribution was directly related to the huge industrial capacity that the U.S. had -- and was willing to commit to the war effort even before we were officially at war.
AFAIK: America perfected the proximity fuse, anti-aircraft gunnery had been pretty much just to boost civilian morale.

The proximity fuse used about 3 tiny hearing aid valves (tubes) to form a crude Doppler radar. The shell didn't have to actually hit the aircraft (they usually just passed through anyway!), pulses reflected back to the fuse tripped a thyratron that fired the detonator - the shell exploded close enough to the aircraft for plenty of shrapnel damage.

Building a device using valves that can be fired out of a gun is impressive.

Powering the valves was an adventure - dry batteries deteriorated rapidly in tropical climes, lead acid batteries were used for the valve filaments, to give them a long life the sulphuric acid was contained in a glass vial that broke when the shell was fired, the released acid saturated the battery plates and the device was up and running by the time it got where its going.
Some types used an alternator driven by turbine blades mounted on the nose cone of the shell.
 
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