The Emperor's New Mind was speculation and further research has made the theory extremely farfetched. A lot of other things, in fact everything that leads up to the speculation, is well worth reading. It is a very cogent exposition of many useful ideas.Roger Penrose has stated that a digital computer algorithm can never generate true consciousness, and suggested that the brain uses quantum processes in the brain cells microtubules to provide our consciousness, and the leaps in knowledge that allows.
Penrose just didn't have the benefit of the later quantum research to work with.
[EDIT: typo repair]
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