Bedding would have provided better isolation from ground potential (or a potential low enough to cause harm).why would there be a difference if he was on the bed or standing on the floor ?
Once the chain was welded to the socket contacts, all current would go through the welds. The fact that the chain drew enough current to weld it in place saved your son from significant injury.He said he tried to tug on the chain so we have no idea how long he decided to keep a hold on it.