Going from a voltage to a resistance

Yeap... a digital pot would be the way to go... though you'd first have to convert the signal using an ADC, then have a microcontroller communicate with the digpot to tell it what value to use. Some MCUs out there already have an ADC embedded in them... you'd have to check and see.
Many of the PIC micros have a A2D and will talk to a digital pot.
 
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