Speaking about badddd audio, why are there horrible sounds from TV discussions with people at home hiding from the virus?
I suspect that they are using Skype.

 

I increased the contrast of the crossover distortion and show how the output stage has more "down" swing than "up" swing:

take a look at this... try modeling the output stage


this is for 5v in the datasheet

 

In the crossover distortion photo, the LM358 opamp has a +2.5V and -2.5V supply with a 2k load to 0V. The photo shows a symmetrical peaks to 1V so the load current is only 0.5mA max which is far from its maximum limited current of 10mA or 20mA.
The datasheet shows that at 0.5mA its maximum negative output swing is +0.7V above its negative supply and is -1.2V below its positive supply. Then it is far from clipping.

The design of the output stage has only 1 emitter resistor instead of the usual 2 emitter resistors which shifts the crossover notches a little towards the negative supply.

 

@SamR how is your amplifier going?

 

It was finally working back on #68, everything else since has been lagniappe...

 

Perhaps this opamp handbook might give you some more insight in to opamp parameters.

Actually I found it in an old TI book published by Newnes. Op Amps For Everyone Design Reference ISBN-13:978-0-7506-7701-1 ISBN-10:0-7506-7701-5 1. Operational amplifiers. I. Mancini, Ron

etc.
Pretty thorough coverage.

 

Actually I found it in an old TI book published by Newnes.

ADI (Analog Devices) has a mountain of information online.

https://www.analog.com/en/education/education-library/tutorials/analog-electronics.html

ak

 

ADI (Analog Devices) has a mountain of information online.

Bookmarked! That's a good 'un! I have their old Walt Jung book but it's more of a history of the development of op amps.

 

Back in the day, the gold standard library for all thaings analog was the stuff from National Semiconductor. Tons of it online. Separate from my dearly beloved print copies, my NS folder is 750 MB.

ADI and Burr-Brown put out excellent materials, but their stuff tended toward less generic topics: extreme-performance amplifiers, multipliers, instrumentation, industrial control, etc. NS was king for the rest of us. Note that ADI had the best seminars; more meat, less marketing.

ak

 

Hello,

Perhaps the PDF's from this thread might interet you:
https://forum.allaboutcircuits.com/threads/opamp-history-by-analog-devices.138949/

Bertus

 

Walter Jung's Op Amp Applications is the one "must have" book.

https://www.analog.com/en/education/education-library/op-amp-applications-handbook.html#

Edit: This is the same book posted by Bertus above in post #130, except that you can also download the entire book in a .zip file.

 

Yup, I have the PDF of it.