Arduino Program Error Code

ramram01 · Sep 18, 2020

What seems to be the error in this program? I couldn't be able to run from the codes given by the Youtubers. This is the code.

Code:

//Arduino Bluetooth Controlled Car
//Before uploading the code you have to install the necessary library
//Note - Disconnect the Bluetooth Module before hiting the upload button otherwise you'll get compilation error message.
//AFMotor Library https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-motor-shield/library-install
//After downloading the library open Arduino IDE >> go to sketch >> Include Libray >> ADD. ZIP Libray >> Select the downloaded
//ZIP File >> Open it >> Done
//Now You Can Upload the Code without any problem but make sure the bt module isn't connected with Arduino while uploading code

#include <AFMotor.h>

//initial motors pin
AF_DCMotor motor1(1, MOTOR12_1KHZ);
AF_DCMotor motor2(2, MOTOR12_1KHZ);
AF_DCMotor motor3(3, MOTOR34_1KHZ);
AF_DCMotor motor4(4, MOTOR34_1KHZ);

char command;

void setup()
{    
  Serial.begin(9600);  //Set the baud rate to your Bluetooth module.
}

void loop(){
  if(Serial.available() > 0){
    command = Serial.read();
    Stop(); //initialize with motors stoped
    //Change pin mode only if new command is different from previous.
    //Serial.println(command);
    switch(command){
    case 'F':
      forward();
      break;
    case 'B':
       back();
      break;
    case 'L':
      left();
      break;
    case 'R':
      right();
      break;
    }
  }
}

void forward()
{
  motor1.setSpeed(255); //Define maximum velocity
  motor1.run(FORWARD); //rotate the motor clockwise
  motor2.setSpeed(255); //Define maximum velocity
  motor2.run(FORWARD); //rotate the motor clockwise
  motor3.setSpeed(255);//Define maximum velocity
  motor3.run(FORWARD); //rotate the motor clockwise
  motor4.setSpeed(255);//Define maximum velocity
  motor4.run(FORWARD); //rotate the motor clockwise
}

void back()
{
  motor1.setSpeed(255); //Define maximum velocity
  motor1.run(BACKWARD); //rotate the motor anti-clockwise
  motor2.setSpeed(255); //Define maximum velocity
  motor2.run(BACKWARD); //rotate the motor anti-clockwise
  motor3.setSpeed(255); //Define maximum velocity
  motor3.run(BACKWARD); //rotate the motor anti-clockwise
  motor4.setSpeed(255); //Define maximum velocity
  motor4.run(BACKWARD); //rotate the motor anti-clockwise
}

void left()
{
  motor1.setSpeed(255); //Define maximum velocity
  motor1.run(BACKWARD); //rotate the motor anti-clockwise
  motor2.setSpeed(255); //Define maximum velocity
  motor2.run(BACKWARD); //rotate the motor anti-clockwise
  motor3.setSpeed(255); //Define maximum velocity
  motor3.run(FORWARD);  //rotate the motor clockwise
  motor4.setSpeed(255); //Define maximum velocity
  motor4.run(FORWARD);  //rotate the motor clockwise
}

void right()
{
  motor1.setSpeed(255); //Define maximum velocity
  motor1.run(FORWARD); //rotate the motor clockwise
  motor2.setSpeed(255); //Define maximum velocity
  motor2.run(FORWARD); //rotate the motor clockwise
  motor3.setSpeed(255); //Define maximum velocity
  motor3.run(BACKWARD); //rotate the motor anti-clockwise
  motor4.setSpeed(255); //Define maximum velocity
  motor4.run(BACKWARD); //rotate the motor anti-clockwise
}

void Stop()
{
  motor1.setSpeed(0); //Define minimum velocity
  motor1.run(RELEASE); //stop the motor when release the button
  motor2.setSpeed(0); //Define minimum velocity
  motor2.run(RELEASE); //rotate the motor clockwise
  motor3.setSpeed(0); //Define minimum velocity
  motor3.run(RELEASE); //stop the motor when release the button
  motor4.setSpeed(0); //Define minimum velocity
  motor4.run(RELEASE); //stop the motor when release the button
}

Code:

This is the error. Please help. I am making a project for the expo next year.

Arduino: 1.8.8 (Windows 10), Board: "Arduino/Genuino Uno"

C:\Users\RJ\AppData\Local\Temp\cc6mzJoU.ltrans0.ltrans.o: In function `__static_initialization_and_destruction_0':

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:12: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::AF_DCMotor(unsigned char, unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:13: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::AF_DCMotor(unsigned char, unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:14: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::AF_DCMotor(unsigned char, unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:15: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::AF_DCMotor(unsigned char, unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\AppData\Local\Temp\cc6mzJoU.ltrans0.ltrans.o: In function `Stop':

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:97: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:98: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::run(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:99: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:100: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::run(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:101: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:102: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::run(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:103: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:104: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::run(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\AppData\Local\Temp\cc6mzJoU.ltrans0.ltrans.o: In function `back':

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:61: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:62: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::run(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:63: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\AppData\Local\Temp\cc6mzJoU.ltrans0.ltrans.o: In function `right':

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:85: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:86: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::run(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:87: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\AppData\Local\Temp\cc6mzJoU.ltrans0.ltrans.o: In function `forward':

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:49: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:50: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::run(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:51: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\AppData\Local\Temp\cc6mzJoU.ltrans0.ltrans.o: In function `left':

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:73: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:74: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::run(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:75: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:76: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::run(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:77: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:78: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::run(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:79: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\AppData\Local\Temp\cc6mzJoU.ltrans0.ltrans.o: In function `right':

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:88: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::run(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:89: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:90: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::run(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:91: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:92: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::run(unsigned char)'

collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status

exit status 1
Error compiling for board Arduino/Genuino Uno.

This report would have more information with
"Show verbose output during compilation"
option enabled in File -> Preferences.

djsfantasi · Sep 18, 2020

First, please learn how to use code tags. Before your code, enter an open bracket (“[“) and then type “code]”. At the end of your code, type in another open bracket and “/code]”

I recommend using one pair of tags around your code and another pair around the error messages. Your current post is almost unreadable.

Second, did you disconnect the Bluetooth module before uploading?

Third, those errors are caused by the library. installed the current library?

Thx dj:E

JustSomeHuman · Sep 22, 2020

ramram01 said:

What seems to be the error in this program? I couldn't be able to run from the codes given by the Youtubers. This is the code.

Code:

//Arduino Bluetooth Controlled Car
//Before uploading the code you have to install the necessary library
//Note - Disconnect the Bluetooth Module before hiting the upload button otherwise you'll get compilation error message.
//AFMotor Library https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-motor-shield/library-install
//After downloading the library open Arduino IDE >> go to sketch >> Include Libray >> ADD. ZIP Libray >> Select the downloaded
//ZIP File >> Open it >> Done
//Now You Can Upload the Code without any problem but make sure the bt module isn't connected with Arduino while uploading code

#include <AFMotor.h>

//initial motors pin
AF_DCMotor motor1(1, MOTOR12_1KHZ);
AF_DCMotor motor2(2, MOTOR12_1KHZ);
AF_DCMotor motor3(3, MOTOR34_1KHZ);
AF_DCMotor motor4(4, MOTOR34_1KHZ);

char command;

void setup()
{   
  Serial.begin(9600);  //Set the baud rate to your Bluetooth module.
}

void loop(){
  if(Serial.available() > 0){
    command = Serial.read();
    Stop(); //initialize with motors stoped
    //Change pin mode only if new command is different from previous.
    //Serial.println(command);
    switch(command){
    case 'F':
      forward();
      break;
    case 'B':
       back();
      break;
    case 'L':
      left();
      break;
    case 'R':
      right();
      break;
    }
  }
}

void forward()
{
  motor1.setSpeed(255); //Define maximum velocity
  motor1.run(FORWARD); //rotate the motor clockwise
  motor2.setSpeed(255); //Define maximum velocity
  motor2.run(FORWARD); //rotate the motor clockwise
  motor3.setSpeed(255);//Define maximum velocity
  motor3.run(FORWARD); //rotate the motor clockwise
  motor4.setSpeed(255);//Define maximum velocity
  motor4.run(FORWARD); //rotate the motor clockwise
}

void back()
{
  motor1.setSpeed(255); //Define maximum velocity
  motor1.run(BACKWARD); //rotate the motor anti-clockwise
  motor2.setSpeed(255); //Define maximum velocity
  motor2.run(BACKWARD); //rotate the motor anti-clockwise
  motor3.setSpeed(255); //Define maximum velocity
  motor3.run(BACKWARD); //rotate the motor anti-clockwise
  motor4.setSpeed(255); //Define maximum velocity
  motor4.run(BACKWARD); //rotate the motor anti-clockwise
}

void left()
{
  motor1.setSpeed(255); //Define maximum velocity
  motor1.run(BACKWARD); //rotate the motor anti-clockwise
  motor2.setSpeed(255); //Define maximum velocity
  motor2.run(BACKWARD); //rotate the motor anti-clockwise
  motor3.setSpeed(255); //Define maximum velocity
  motor3.run(FORWARD);  //rotate the motor clockwise
  motor4.setSpeed(255); //Define maximum velocity
  motor4.run(FORWARD);  //rotate the motor clockwise
}

void right()
{
  motor1.setSpeed(255); //Define maximum velocity
  motor1.run(FORWARD); //rotate the motor clockwise
  motor2.setSpeed(255); //Define maximum velocity
  motor2.run(FORWARD); //rotate the motor clockwise
  motor3.setSpeed(255); //Define maximum velocity
  motor3.run(BACKWARD); //rotate the motor anti-clockwise
  motor4.setSpeed(255); //Define maximum velocity
  motor4.run(BACKWARD); //rotate the motor anti-clockwise
}

void Stop()
{
  motor1.setSpeed(0); //Define minimum velocity
  motor1.run(RELEASE); //stop the motor when release the button
  motor2.setSpeed(0); //Define minimum velocity
  motor2.run(RELEASE); //rotate the motor clockwise
  motor3.setSpeed(0); //Define minimum velocity
  motor3.run(RELEASE); //stop the motor when release the button
  motor4.setSpeed(0); //Define minimum velocity
  motor4.run(RELEASE); //stop the motor when release the button
}

Code:

This is the error. Please help. I am making a project for the expo next year.

Arduino: 1.8.8 (Windows 10), Board: "Arduino/Genuino Uno"

C:\Users\RJ\AppData\Local\Temp\cc6mzJoU.ltrans0.ltrans.o: In function `__static_initialization_and_destruction_0':

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:12: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::AF_DCMotor(unsigned char, unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:13: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::AF_DCMotor(unsigned char, unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:14: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::AF_DCMotor(unsigned char, unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:15: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::AF_DCMotor(unsigned char, unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\AppData\Local\Temp\cc6mzJoU.ltrans0.ltrans.o: In function `Stop':

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:97: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:98: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::run(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:99: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:100: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::run(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:101: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:102: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::run(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:103: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:104: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::run(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\AppData\Local\Temp\cc6mzJoU.ltrans0.ltrans.o: In function `back':

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:61: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:62: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::run(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:63: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\AppData\Local\Temp\cc6mzJoU.ltrans0.ltrans.o: In function `right':

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:85: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:86: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::run(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:87: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\AppData\Local\Temp\cc6mzJoU.ltrans0.ltrans.o: In function `forward':

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:49: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:50: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::run(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:51: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\AppData\Local\Temp\cc6mzJoU.ltrans0.ltrans.o: In function `left':

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:73: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:74: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::run(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:75: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:76: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::run(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:77: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:78: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::run(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:79: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\AppData\Local\Temp\cc6mzJoU.ltrans0.ltrans.o: In function `right':

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:88: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::run(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:89: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:90: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::run(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:91: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::setSpeed(unsigned char)'

C:\Users\RJ\Desktop\BLUETOOTH_CAR/BLUETOOTH_CAR.ino:92: undefined reference to `AF_DCMotor::run(unsigned char)'

collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status

exit status 1
Error compiling for board Arduino/Genuino Uno.

This report would have more information with
"Show verbose output during compilation"
option enabled in File -> Preferences.

It looks to me, among possibly other problems that the library for BLUETOOTH_CAR has not been included at the top of your code.

There must be a library for BLUETOOTH_CAR specified at the top of the code

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Arduino Program Error Code

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Arduino Program Error Code

ramram01

djsfantasi

JustSomeHuman

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