another average power question

Thread Starter

notoriusjt2

Joined Feb 4, 2010
209


textbook states...


so
v(t) = 2 + 5 sin(2pi60t) - 3 cos(4pi60t + 45deg)
i(t) = 1.5 + 2 cos(2pi60t + 20deg) + 1.1cos(4pi60t)

I assume I cannot just multiply these together then take the integral.
question is do I have to simplify them first?
 

Ghar

Joined Mar 8, 2010
655
If the equation says to multiply them out and take the integral then you can multiply them out and take the integral ;)

I can't think of a simpler method than just grinding away at that... the simplification can come when you get to the integral step.

Just remember that the average of a cosine or sine over one period, no matter the phase or anything else, is zero.
A sinusoid needs to be multiplied by another sinusoid to contribute to the average.
So, cos(x)^2 or sin(x)^2 or cos(x)sin(x + a) will contribute, sin(x) will not.
 

Thread Starter

notoriusjt2

Joined Feb 4, 2010
209
actually posted a correction to the problem.. here is the new one...


so let me get this straight. if a sinusoid needs to be multiplied by another sinusoid to contribute to the average then none of these sinusoids are eligible to contribute?

so were left with v(t) = 2 and i(t) = 1.5?
and with the period = 60
1/60[(2*1.5)*60] = 3w

this cant be that easy
 

Ghar

Joined Mar 8, 2010
655
Hm?

You take the integral over a period after you multiply it out.

(a + b)(c + d) = ac + ad + bc + bd

There are plenty of terms that can contribute.

Edit:
Hm, I don't remember whether sinusoids of different frequencies multiplied together have a non-zero average...
 
Last edited:

Thread Starter

notoriusjt2

Joined Feb 4, 2010
209
v(t) = 2 + 5cos(2pi60t) - 3cos(4pi60t + 45deg)

2 = voltage peak to peak
2pi60t = frequency
4pi60t = frequency
45deg = phase shift

are these statements correct?
 

Ghar

Joined Mar 8, 2010
655
Not entirely...

2pi60t and 4pi60t are both phase... 45 degrees is phase shift.

For cos(wt + x) you have w being angular frequency, wt being phase and x being phase shift.

w is in radians, and w = 2pi*f, where f is in hertz.

So for 2pi60t the frequency is 60 Hz.

2 is the voltage DC component.
 

Thread Starter

notoriusjt2

Joined Feb 4, 2010
209
(a + b)(c + d) = ac + ad + bc + bd

for this statement... i understand distribution properties but I am still confused

which values should I multiply??? just the ones outside the parenthesis? or the phases and phase shifts within the parenthesis?
 

Thread Starter

notoriusjt2

Joined Feb 4, 2010
209
(a + b)(c + d) = ac + ad + bc + bd

v(t) = 2 + 5 cos(2pi60t) - 3 cos(4pi60t + 45deg)
i(t) = 1.5 + 2 cos(2pi60t + 20deg) + 1.1cos(4pi60t - 20deg)

so your saying it should be set up as follows?

[(2) + (5 cos(2pi60t)) - (3 cos(4pi60t + 45deg))]*[(1.5) + (2 cos(2pi60t + 20deg)) + (1.1cos(4pi60t - 20deg))]
 

Thread Starter

notoriusjt2

Joined Feb 4, 2010
209
based on that formula...

2*1.5=3
2*(2 cos(2pi60t + 20deg))=4 cos(2pi60t + 20deg)
2*(1.1cos(4pi60t - 20deg))=2.2cos(4pi60t - 20deg)

(5 cos(2pi60t))*1.5=7.5 cos(2pi60t)
(5 cos(2pi60t))*(2 cos(2pi60t + 20deg))=10....???




(cos(2pi60t))*(cos(2pi60t+20deg)) = [cos(2pi60t-2pi60t+20deg)+cos(2pi60t+2pi60t+20deg)]/2

=[cos(0+20deg)+cos(4pi60t+20deg)]/2
=i dont know how to do this with the + 20deg in there and im not sure how to add the 2pi60t's together
 

Thread Starter

notoriusjt2

Joined Feb 4, 2010
209
allright I am determined to figure this problem out. I have come across another equation that I think will be easier once I plug in the values


Note that the average power is the sum of the powers at the frequencies in the Fourier series.

so now back to the original problem

I understand that with each frequency there is going to be a separate average power value and at the end, I will add them all together.

So for this problem there are three groups of frequencies
v(t) @ 2 and i(t) @ 1.5
V(t) @ 5cos(2pi60t) and i(t) @ 2cos(2pi60t+20deg)
v(t) @ -3cos(4pi60t+45deg) and i(t) @ 1.1cos(4pi60t-20deg)

I also understand the concept and evaluation of Sigma or the summation, however I am really having trouble trying to plug these values into the right spot in this formula
 
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