input protection

Hey all! :) I was looking for a solution to protect the analog pins of the ESP32 microcontroller. My circuit can produce voltages up to 5V and the analog pins of the ESP32 can only withstand 3.3V max. I found a solution online (picture attached) but I don't understand how the circuit works. I...

i have developed a small board that has a controller and a 16x2 display. I am powering up the board using external smps power supply. I want to add serge protection, so that my system will be protected from any time of serge or spikes. One option is i can use fuse but i want to know what else...

Hi, I have am designing a sensor that will be powered at 24V, switched through a relay and up to 4m of cable. When switched through a relay I experience an overvoltage of up to 40v due to the high rise time and cable length. The voltage regulator I am to use has a maximum input voltage of 32v...