@Parkerp, there isn't really one language which stands out for programming microcontrollers, however, I would hazard a guess at C (or varients of) would be the most used.
There were a lot of PALs that were programmed in Abel and CuPL not to mention PALASM. Altera and Xilinx both had proprietary languages and VHDL and Verilog are used for large scale projects.