Inquiries about scattering parameters

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the kid

Joined Jan 4, 2015
81
I'm learning about scattering parameters of 2-port network.
I'm reference method for calculating the S parameters in the figure below
upload_2016-12-19_11-4-53.png
when caculating S21, using figure below
upload_2016-12-19_11-7-50.png
with Z0 = 50 ohm
upload_2016-12-19_11-8-55.png


but i understand why upload_2016-12-19_11-9-26.png ?
with V1+ is incident voltage at the input port
 

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