Dear all,
I've been stuck at the mechanism of this improved constant-gm conference( as the picture I attached below).
My questions are:
1. What is the role of Ibias3? How does the circuit work without it?
2. What is the role of op-amp in this circuit?
3. Find the transconductance (gm)

Please help! Many thanks!
Best,
Nathan

 

Aren't these the questions that you are supposed to be figuring out the answers to as part of the assignment?

Show YOUR best attempt to answer them. That will set the stage for a discussion where we can help guide you from there.

You also need to provide some more detail, such as what is the "Start-up network" block and what does it do?

What is I_refN?

Transconductance is the ratio of an current to a voltage. Is the current involved I_refP? What is the voltage that is involved?

What is a constant-gm "conference"? Check to see if you are using the right word there? If you think you, explain what you intend it to mean and we'll see if we can figure out a more conventional term to use.