Do not understand why the NPN transistor emitter current is negative

MikeML

Joined Oct 2, 2009
5,444
Orcad must use the convention that "current into any component pin is positive". Since in this circuit, current is actually flowing out of the emitter pin, then it puts a minus sign in front of it.
 

crutschow

Joined Mar 14, 2008
38,503
Most simulators use the convention that current into a device pin is positive.
That may seem counter-intuitive but that's the convention.
 
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