voltage reference

Hi everyone, So, as I am reading this part of amazing book, the Celsius zero shift for two -terminal temperature sensor circuit of Fig 21.19 is not fully understood by me. what I understood: -The \[ V_{\text{Temp}} \] at the two terminal of the Zenner diode is directly coming from the circuit...

Hello, I have used LM4040C10IDBZR shunt voltage reference to produce 10V from +15V but it is actually outputting 9.4V? this voltage needs to be a stable 10v. to be honest I don't remember why I chose to put exactly 312ohm in there or if should i put a like voltage divider that makes 10v output...

Hello, I'm currently working on a project, where I want to measure force using strain gauges. The strain gauges are configured in four point Wheatstone bridges. I'm using a four channel ADC. On each channel I feed in the amplified differential output voltage of a Wheatstone bridge. My question...

I have a common inverting integrators made using opamp (capacitor in negative feedback, +input to GND). I would like to have all these integrators saturate at the same exact voltage. Adding a zener diode in parallel to the cap works, but zeners are 2% tolerance at best and temperature dependent...