how can i know that an IC is not working with multimeter

 

You can't.

 

ICs need to have power and an input signal as a minimum. Even then, you will only be able to test basic functions. Beware of switch-bounce if you are manually checking counters/flip-flops. You cannot expect a manual switch to issue a single pulse.

Also, any frequency sensitive issues will not be tested with manual switching for a minimal test.

Any microcontroller/ROM/RAM/or other programmable chip will be untestable without a program or controller.

 

You can't.

then how can you know that ic is bad

so if the chip is programmable how can i check if its bad

 

Why don't you give us all the information at once, instead of a little at a time. With that we can give you a better answer.

 

then how can you know that ic is bad

You know the IC is bad when it doesn't perform its function.