I am confused actually I don’t know how hardware of microcontroller work with assembly instruction .
I have read many time that assembler convert assembly code into machine codelike (MOV A, #10H convert in machine code like 01010101). . But I want to know internal process of hardware when assembler work . how the hardware work (what is work of flip flop, gates) I know this is large bunch of electronics I tried google but I did not found exact answer this question is irritated me can someone able to explain with basic example it will be great help for me ......

 

Seems this request will run quite gamut!
From simple flip-flops to the internal workings of an assembler!
Max.

 

The simple answer is that the hardware is a machine that fetches a string of bits (binary digits) from a memory (program store) and interprets the meaning of those bits in a way that certain functions are enabled for a given set of bits while others are not.

The assembler converts a human readable string of characters into a string of binary digits in such a way as to map the human readable strings of characters into a machine readable string of bits.

Got it?

 

Microcontroller does not work with assembler.

Microcontroller works with binary code, ones and zeros.

 

Being a bit pedantic today -- are we?

 

You should look up a RTL implementation of a simple processor. The placement and numbering of control bits dictate the opcodes...

 

You should look up a RTL implementation of a simple processor. The placement and numbering of control bits dictate the opcodes...

To clarify, I think RTL = Register Transfer Level (Language), and NOT Resistor Transistor Logic, which was a precursor of DTL and TTL

 

Microcontrollers work with electricity - i.e. current flow, it is just (supposedly) convenient to represent current flowing as 1 and not flowing as 0. The microcontroller has a clock which is a circuit that regularly switches from "on" to "off" – i.e. allows current to flow and then turns it off.

In a very simple model, every time the clock ticks some other set of "switches" change state. The state they change to depends on the state they and other "switches" were in last time. So as soon as the MCU is powered on the switches are in a default state that connects them to the first "instruction" (i.e. a set of "switches" that you set in your program). Depending on how the first "instruction" switches are set other switches get set then the clock ticks again and the current state gets transformed into some other state.

Hope that helps.

 

thanks everyone for help. can anyone suggest me site where i can learn easily about how the hardware of microcontroller work i want to know hardware of micro controller

The term "microcode" may lead to some useful finds on internal operations.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microcode

Also check the links in that article.

 

The datasheets from Microchip for the PIC processors have nice descriptions of the internal workings. At 400 pages typical, they take a few days to swallow.

www.microchip.com

 

Here is an excellent introduction to microcontroller hardware and software:

Understanding Small Microcontrollers
http://www.freescale.com/files/microcontrollers/doc/ref_manual/M68HC05TB.pdf

 

Glad to help. You read the whole thing already, all 332 pages?

 

... You read the whole thing already, all 332 pages?

Lolol...

 

thanks everyone for help. can anyone suggest me site where i can learn easily about how the hardware of microcontroller work i want to know hardware of micro controller

http://www.winpicprog.co.uk/pic_tutorial.htm
Max.

 

As this silicon chips are bunch of transistor and as per condition then network of transistor work together to form logic.
that simple example if you make any controller pin as input then it connect it to vcc that is collector of transistor connected to Vcc and tharnsfer like wise every condition is satisied.

 

As this silicon chips are bunch of transistor and as per condition then network of transistor work together to form logic.
that simple example if you make any controller pin as input then it connect it to vcc that is collector of transistor connected to Vcc and tharnsfer like wise every condition is satisied.

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