There is an error on the following page:
http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/vol_2/chpt_14/7.html
The phase shift in the graphs are wrong for short versus open circuit.
When a transmission line is open circuited:
There is no phase shift in the voltage of the reflected wave (voltages add and increase in magnetude). And for a 1/4 wavelength line, the voltages on the INPUT side always add to zero (but everywhere else on they add to some other number).
There is a 180 degree shift in the reflected current (currents subtract and increase).
For a short circuited transmission line:
There is a 180 degree phase shift in the voltage (voltages add and cancel each other out on the LOAD side (but can add to something else elsewhere), and no phase shift in the current (currents subtract and cancel each other out on the LOAD side (but they can add to something else elsewhere).
http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/vol_2/chpt_14/7.html
The phase shift in the graphs are wrong for short versus open circuit.
When a transmission line is open circuited:
There is no phase shift in the voltage of the reflected wave (voltages add and increase in magnetude). And for a 1/4 wavelength line, the voltages on the INPUT side always add to zero (but everywhere else on they add to some other number).
There is a 180 degree shift in the reflected current (currents subtract and increase).
For a short circuited transmission line:
There is a 180 degree phase shift in the voltage (voltages add and cancel each other out on the LOAD side (but can add to something else elsewhere), and no phase shift in the current (currents subtract and cancel each other out on the LOAD side (but they can add to something else elsewhere).