I think there are a lot of controllers and processors in the car but in which devices in the car they are and what them doing in these devices?​

What are the operating systems in the cars?​

What is algorithm for robust control?​

I will glad to receive links or any explanation in these subjects.​

 

If memory serves, most cars use a FPGA for control.

What is algorithm for robust control?

PID? Fuzzy Logic Controller? Not quite sure what you want here...

 

Most modern cars do not have one bur several control units. That can(and do) communicate with each others

 

Yeah, probably should have done a bit more research before I opened my trap!

Looks like it is a bunch of interconnected devices... I thought for sure I remember reading about the main controller of a car being a FPGA, but can't find anything on it, so oh well..

Here's some information on the control systems present...
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Embedded_Control_Systems_Design/Automotive#Hardware

http://www.ieeecss.org/CSM/library/1988/aug1988/w11-19.pdf

 

I recall reading that high end newer cars like Jaguar have about 50 different controllers. I looked through the wiring diagram for my wife's Trailblazer. Very little works without the assistance of a control module.

 

My colleageue from school works in modelling and prototyping of car systems, and from what he said they do only the prototypes and mockups with FPGAs, after that when the hdl code is ready they send it back to their mother company and the design is then turned into ASICs for the final production. Or at least the most importatnt modules like ECU, ABS etc.