Do you mean the LM308 does not give you the results you calcuated in your most recent schematic, or that it can't drive 1V into 10 ohms?What do you exactly mean by power the probe? This is just an exercise but i would like the exercise to work. Both the LM308 and LM317 op-amps aren't working as i intended them to (or at all) with this circuit.
And what is this about LM317 (which you called an op amp)?