Given that the positive peak voltage is 5v and negative peak voltage is -5v.
How would you prove that the graph would eventually be rectified?
How does the negative half-cycle current and voltage be stopped by the diode when it can also bypass it because it has the correct polarity?
but how does the circuit works? At the negative cycle of the Ac voltage, -5 will flow along that blue arrow, then it'll hit the diode but it's at the correct polarity. I don't get how correct polarity gets the voltage rectified.. am I even getting the concepts of AC voltages correct?
At the negative cycle of the AC voltage current don't flow because diode is reverse-biased. So if no current is flow through resistor and there will be no voltage drop across resistor.