I am current studying the opertion of a particular circuit board that I have. What is driving me up the wall is the use of two integrators in to different locations on the board. I have tested and print out waveforums of the real circuit behavior so that I can have a reference for comparison in Spice. All waveforms are behaving the way they should except for the outputs of bought integrators.
What is really troubling me is that one of the integrators does not have a resistor across the feedback capacitor. I though that was needed because it is the real world and you cannot expect to have an ideal integrator. But for some reason this board uses a standard ideal configuration op amp integrator.
This integrator is suppose to provide a constant DC averaging of the input signal. I have searched the the internet but I am not sure how an op amp integrator is suppose to output the average DC value of the input. I understand the other operations of the integrator; such as waveform generation and AC signal integration (sin -> cos), but I do not understand this average voltage output. All I get is saturation.
Can someone explain to me how I get this output? Thank you in advance.
-Andrew
What is really troubling me is that one of the integrators does not have a resistor across the feedback capacitor. I though that was needed because it is the real world and you cannot expect to have an ideal integrator. But for some reason this board uses a standard ideal configuration op amp integrator.
This integrator is suppose to provide a constant DC averaging of the input signal. I have searched the the internet but I am not sure how an op amp integrator is suppose to output the average DC value of the input. I understand the other operations of the integrator; such as waveform generation and AC signal integration (sin -> cos), but I do not understand this average voltage output. All I get is saturation.
Can someone explain to me how I get this output? Thank you in advance.
-Andrew