If you read the data sheet for a 78xx regulator, you would know, too.
The regulator is limited to 1 amp current (that is the usual limit for TO-220 packaged regulators). In order for more regulated current to pass, an external transistor has to do the work. That is Q1. R1 makes a small voltage drop so the 78xx IC can control base current in Q1.
Nice explanation, Beenthere - I could practically swear you acquired your knowledge in an environment similar to mine... But then again, I might swear anyway