If I had a large voltage (4000V) over a very large capacitor 10 \(m^3\), surrounded (not touching) by other metal components... this would create a charge on those components as well, correct? How could this be delt with?
Not necessarily. The structure of the capacitor and whether or not one of its electrodes, or its casing, or the other components were grounded or electrically screened would be factors.
incorrect.. charge would not be created on those objects just merely the inherent charge(from its own atoms) would be attracted to or repelled by the capacitor.